Whitepaper
Protocol specification and design rationale.
Abstract
KuberCoin is a peer-to-peer digital currency built on a SHA-256d proof-of-work blockchain. The network targets ten-minute block intervals, a fixed monetary policy capped at 21 million KUBER, and a UTXO transaction model intentionally similar to Bitcoin's original design. This document describes the protocol-level decisions that distinguish KuberCoin from its predecessors.
Design goals
- Neutrality. No premine, no founder reward, no foundation tax.
- Predictability. Issuance schedule fixed at genesis; no governance switch can alter the cap.
- Independence. All client tooling is self-hosted on KuberCoin-owned infrastructure.
- Auditability. Every consensus rule is expressible in under one page of pseudocode.
Consensus
Blocks are produced via SHA-256d proof-of-work. Difficulty retargets every 2,016 blocks (approximately two weeks) using a clamped median-of-eleven timestamp window. The block subsidy starts at 50 KUBER and halves every 210,000 blocks (~4 years), yielding a hard cap of 21 million KUBER.
Transaction model
Transactions consume previous unspent outputs (UTXOs) and produce new ones. Scripts use a stack-based language with arithmetic, hashing and signature primitives — no loops, no unbounded recursion. Standard scripts are P2PKH and P2WPKH; multisig is supported via OP_CHECKMULTISIG.
Network
Peers gossip blocks and transactions over TCP using a length-prefixed binary protocol. The reference node listens on port 8633 for P2P traffic and 8634 for authenticated JSON-RPC by default. Peer discovery uses DNS seeds operated by independent contributors.
Governance
Protocol changes follow a lightweight Request-for-Comments (RFC) process conducted in the public forum. There is no on-chain voting and no privileged role. Hard forks require a supermajority of nodes to upgrade.